fastScrollEnabled:ListView的快速滑动模式,以及滑块的自定义

一、显示ListView快速滑动块图标

  设想这样一个场景,当ListView的内容有大于100页的情况下,如果想滑动到第80页,用手指滑动到指定位置,无疑是一件很费时的事情,如果想快速滑动到指定的位置,只需加上ListView的fastScrollEnabled属性等于true,启用快速滑动功能即可。

<ListView
        android:id="@android:id/list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:fastScrollEnabled="true" />

注意:默认只有当ListView的内容大于4页时,才会显示快速滑动块。读者可能会问,我是怎么知道要大于4页时,ListView才会显示快速滑动块图标。想知道原因,查一下ListView源码中fastScrollEnabled这个属性是怎么被初始化的吧。打开ListView的源码,你发现在ListView中并没有fastScrollEnabled这个属性,那就去父类AbsListView中找找吧,发现在AbsListView的构造方法中发现了初始化快速滑动块的代码(4.1.2源码在788-789行):

boolean enableFastScroll = a.getBoolean(R.styleable.AbsListView_fastScrollEnabled, false);
setFastScrollEnabled(enableFastScroll);

下面定位到setFastScrollEnabled方法:

/**
     * Enables fast scrolling by letting the user quickly scroll through lists by
     * dragging the fast scroll thumb. The adapter attached to the list may want
     * to implement {@link SectionIndexer} if it wishes to display alphabet preview and
     * jump between sections of the list.
     * @see SectionIndexer
     * @see #isFastScrollEnabled()
     * @param enabled whether or not to enable fast scrolling
     */
    public void setFastScrollEnabled(boolean enabled) {
        mFastScrollEnabled = enabled;
        if (enabled) {
            if (mFastScroller == null) {
                mFastScroller = new FastScroller(getContext(), this);
            }
        } else {
            if (mFastScroller != null) {
                mFastScroller.stop();
                mFastScroller = null;
            }
        }
    }

从setFastScrollEnabled方法得知,ListView的快速滑动块是通过FastScroller这个类来创建的,接下来打开FastScroller的构造方法,来看下它创建滑动块的流程。(FastScroller这个类在Eclipse关联的源码中看不到,要到Android Framework源码中才能找到,Demo下载地址中包含了这个文件),下面我们来看看FastScroller这个类的关键代码:

package android.widget;
class FastScroller {
    //....省略部分源码
    // Minimum number of pages to justify showing a fast scroll thumb
    private static int MIN_PAGES = 4;
    private static final int THUMB_DRAWABLE = 1;
    private static final int\[\] ATTRS = new int\[\] {
        android.R.attr.fastScrollTextColor,
        android.R.attr.fastScrollThumbDrawable, // 定义快速滑动块图标的属性
        android.R.attr.fastScrollTrackDrawable,
        android.R.attr.fastScrollPreviewBackgroundLeft,
        android.R.attr.fastScrollPreviewBackgroundRight,
        android.R.attr.fastScrollOverlayPosition
    };
    //....省略部分源码
    private Drawable mThumbDrawable;// 快速滑动块图标
    public FastScroller(Context context, AbsListView listView) {
        mList = listView;
        init(context);
    }
    private void init(Context context) {
        // Get both the scrollbar states drawables
        TypedArray ta = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
        useThumbDrawable(context, ta.getDrawable(THUMB_DRAWABLE));  // 获取当前主题ListView的快速滑动块图标
        //....省略部分源码
    }
    private void useThumbDrawable(Context context, Drawable drawable) {
        mThumbDrawable = drawable;
        if (drawable instanceof NinePatchDrawable) {
            mThumbW = context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
                    com.android.internal.R.dimen.fastscroll_thumb_width);
            mThumbH = context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
                    com.android.internal.R.dimen.fastscroll_thumb_height);
        } else {
            mThumbW = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
            mThumbH = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
        }
        mChangedBounds = true;
    }
    void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem, int visibleItemCount,
            int totalItemCount) {
        // Are there enough pages to require fast scroll? Recompute only if total count changes
        if (mItemCount != totalItemCount && visibleItemCount > 0) {
            mItemCount = totalItemCount;
            mLongList = mItemCount / visibleItemCount >= MIN_PAGES;    // 至少4页才显示滑动块
        }
        if (mAlwaysShow) {  // android:fastScrollAlwaysVisible="true"
            mLongList = true;
        }
         //....省略部分源码
    }
   //....省略部分源码
}

由上述代码得知,快速滑动块图标是由fastScrollThumbDrawable定义的,第8行定义了显示快速滑动块的最少页数,第51行onScroll方法负责处理显示快速滑动块的逻辑。

二、自定义快速滑动块图标

在eoe上看到有个贴子通过反射,动态修改FastScroller对象的mThumbDrawable属性来改变快速滑动块的图标,这也不为于一种实现方式,但反射的效率较低。下面将介绍使用Style的方式来自定义图标。

从FastScroller类的init方法中可以得知,mThumbDrawable是通过获取当前Activity主题的android.R.attr.fastScrollThumbDrawable属性赋值,既然是这样的话,我们完全可以自定义一个主题,覆盖android.R.attr.fastScrollThumbDrawable属性对应的Drawable不就搞定了!

1、定义一个主题

<style name="ListViewFastScrollThumb" parent="@android:style/Theme.Light.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen">
     <item name="android:fastScrollThumbDrawable">@drawable/ic_launcher</item>
</style>

2、当前ListView所在Activity应用自定义的主题

<activity
    android:name="com.example.actionbardemo.MainActivity"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:theme="@style/ListViewFastScrollThumb" >
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    </intent-filter>
</activity>

3、验证

public class MainActivity extends ListActivity {
    private static final int\[\] ATTRS = new int\[\] {
        android.R.attr.fastScrollThumbDrawable,
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, Cheeses.sCheeseStrings));
        ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.fastScrollDrawable);
        Theme theme = getTheme();
        TypedArray a = theme.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
        Drawable drawable = a.getDrawable(0);
        imageView.setBackgroundDrawable(drawable);
    }
}

布局:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fastScrollDrawable"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <ListView
        android:id="@android:id/list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:fastScrollEnabled="true"
        />
</LinearLayout>

4、 原生的和自定义的快速滑动块效果图对比:

Demo下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/xyang81/6788411

转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/17680333