Android 自定义RecyclerView 实现真正的Gallery效果

Google官方最近新增加的RecyclerView,据说是ListView的升级版本,本篇博客,首先介绍RecyclerView的用法,然后经行一定的分析;最后自定义一下RecyclerView实现我们需要的相册效果。

1、RecyclerView的基本用法

首先主Activity的布局文件:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >
    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:background="#FF0000"
        android:scrollbars="none" />
</RelativeLayout>

Item的布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="120dp"
    android:layout_height="120dp"
    android:background="@drawable/item_bg02" >
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/id_index_gallery_item_image"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_margin="5dp"
        android:scaleType="centerCrop" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/id_index_gallery_item_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/id_index_gallery_item_image"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:textColor="#ff0000"
        android:text="some info"
        android:textSize="12dp" />
</RelativeLayout>

数据适配器:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class GalleryAdapter extends
        RecyclerView.Adapter<GalleryAdapter.ViewHolder>
{
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private List<Integer> mDatas;
    public GalleryAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> datats)
    {
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mDatas = datats;
    }
    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    {
        public ViewHolder(View arg0)
        {
            super(arg0);
        }
        ImageView mImg;
        TextView mTxt;
    }
    @Override
    public int getItemCount()
    {
        return mDatas.size();
    }
    /**
     * 创建ViewHolder
     */
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i)
    {
        View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,
                viewGroup, false);
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
        viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) view
                .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);
        return viewHolder;
    }
    /**
     * 设置值
     */
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, final int i)
    {
        viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(i));
    }
}

可以看到数据适配器与BaseAdapter比较发生了相当大的变化,主要有3个方法:

getItemCount 这个不用说,获取总的条目数

onCreateViewHolder 创建ViewHolder

onBindViewHolder 将数据绑定至ViewHolder

可见,RecyclerView对ViewHolder也进行了一定的封装,但是如果你仔细观察,你会发出一个疑问,ListView里面有个getView返回View为Item的布局,那么这个Item的样子在哪控制?

其实是这样的,我们创建的ViewHolder必须继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder,这个RecyclerView.ViewHolder的构造时必须传入一个View,这个View相当于我们ListView getView中的convertView (即:我们需要inflate的item布局需要传入)。

还有一点,ListView中convertView是复用的,在RecyclerView中,是把ViewHolder作为缓存的单位了,然后convertView作为ViewHolder的成员变量保持在ViewHolder中,也就是说,假设没有屏幕显示10个条目,则会创建10个ViewHolder缓存起来,每次复用的是ViewHolder,所以他把getView这个方法变为了onCreateViewHolder。有兴趣的自己打印下Log,测试下。

最后在Activity中使用:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.Window;
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
    private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
    private GalleryAdapter mAdapter;
    private List<Integer> mDatas;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initDatas();
        //得到控件
        mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.id_recyclerview_horizontal);
        //设置布局管理器
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
        mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        //设置适配器
        mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);
        mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
    }
    private void initDatas()
    {
        mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(R.drawable.a,
                R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e,
                R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l));
    }
}

使用起来也很方便,唯一的区别就是要设置LayoutManager,目前只有一个实现类,就是LinearLayoutManager,可以设置为水平或者垂直。

最后效果图:

效果很不错,这就是RecyclerView的基本用法了,但是你会发现一个坑爹的地方,竟然没有提供setOnItemClickListener这个回调,要不要这么坑爹。。。

2、为RecyclerView添加OnItemClickListener回调

虽然它没有提供,但是添加个OnItemClickListener对我们来说还不是小菜一碟~

我决定在Adapter中添加这个回调接口:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class GalleryAdapter extends
        RecyclerView.Adapter<GalleryAdapter.ViewHolder>
{
    /**
     * ItemClick的回调接口
     * @author zhy
     *
     */
    public interface OnItemClickLitener
    {
        void onItemClick(View view, int position);
    }
    private OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener;
    public void setOnItemClickLitener(OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener)
    {
        this.mOnItemClickLitener = mOnItemClickLitener;
    }
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private List<Integer> mDatas;
    public GalleryAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> datats)
    {
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mDatas = datats;
    }
    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    {
        public ViewHolder(View arg0)
        {
            super(arg0);
        }
        ImageView mImg;
        TextView mTxt;
    }
    @Override
    public int getItemCount()
    {
        return mDatas.size();
    }
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i)
    {
        View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,
                viewGroup, false);
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
        viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) view
                .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);
        return viewHolder;
    }
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, final int i)
    {
        viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(i));
        //如果设置了回调,则设置点击事件
        if (mOnItemClickLitener != null)
        {
            viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
            {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v)
                {
                    mOnItemClickLitener.onItemClick(viewHolder.itemView, i);
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

很简单,创建一个接口,提供一个设置入口,然后在onBindViewHolder中判断即可。

最后在主Activity中设置监听:

mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);
mAdapter.setOnItemClickLitener(new OnItemClickLitener()
{
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(View view, int position)
    {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, position+"", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                .show();
    }
});
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

好了,这样就行了,看效果图:

效果还是不错的,接下来我想改成相册效果,即上面显示一张大图,下面的RecyclerView做为图片切换的指示器。

3、自定义RecyclerView实现滚动时内容联动

首先修改下布局:

布局文件:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" >
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/id_content"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
    </FrameLayout>
    <com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.MyRecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        android:background="#FF0000"
        android:scrollbars="none" />
</LinearLayout>

添加一个显示大图的区域,把RecyclerView改为自己定义的。

然后看我们自定义RecyclerView的代码:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
public class CopyOfMyRecyclerView extends RecyclerView
{
    public CopyOfMyRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        super(context, attrs);
    }
    private View mCurrentView;
    /**
     * 滚动时回调的接口
     */
    private OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener;
    public void setOnItemScrollChangeListener(
            OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener)
    {
        this.mItemScrollChangeListener = mItemScrollChangeListener;
    }
    public interface OnItemScrollChangeListener
    {
        void onChange(View view, int position);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b)
    {
        super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
        mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);
        if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)
        {
            mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,
                    getChildPosition(mCurrentView));
        }
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e)
    {
        if (e.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE)
        {
            mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);
            // Log.e("TAG", getChildPosition(getChildAt(0)) + "");
            if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)
            {
                mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,
                        getChildPosition(mCurrentView));
            }
        }
        return super.onTouchEvent(e);
    }
}

定义了一个滚动时回调的接口,然后在onTouchEvent中,监听ACTION_MOVE,用户手指滑动时,不断把当前第一个View回调回去~

关于我咋知道getChildAt(0)和getChildPosition()可用,起初我以为有getFirstVisibleItem这个方法,后来发现么有;但是发现了getRecycledViewPool()看名字我觉得是Viewholder那个缓存队列,我想那么直接取这个队列的第一个不就是我要的View么,后来没有成功。我就观察它内部的View,最后发现,第一个显示的始终是它第一个child,至于getChildPosition这个看方法就看出来了。

现在的效果:

和我之前那个例子的效果是一模一样的,不过,我还想做一些改变,我觉得Gallery或者说相册的指示器,下面可能1000来张图片,我不仅喜欢手指在屏幕上滑动时,图片会自动切换。我还希望,如果我给指示器一个加速度,即使手指离开,下面还在滑动,上面也会联动 。而且我还想做些优化,直接在ACTION_MOVE中回调,触发的频率太高了,理论上一张图片只会触发一次~~

4、优化与打造真正的Gallery效果

既然希望手指离开还能联动,那么不仅需要ACTION_MOVE需要监听,还得监听一个加速度,速度到达一定值,然后继续移动~~再理一理,需要这么麻烦么,不是能滚动么,那么应该有OnScrollListener啊,小看一把,果然有,哈哈哈~天助我也,下面看修改后的代码:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.OnScrollListener;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
public class MyRecyclerView extends RecyclerView implements OnScrollListener
{
    /**
     * 记录当前第一个View
     */
    private View mCurrentView;
    private OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener;
    public void setOnItemScrollChangeListener(
            OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener)
    {
        this.mItemScrollChangeListener = mItemScrollChangeListener;
    }
    public interface OnItemScrollChangeListener
    {
        void onChange(View view, int position);
    }
    public MyRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        super(context, attrs);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.setOnScrollListener(this);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b)
    {
        super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
        mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);
        if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)
        {
            mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,
                    getChildPosition(mCurrentView));
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onScrollStateChanged(int arg0)
    {
    }
    /**
     *
     * 滚动时,判断当前第一个View是否发生变化,发生才回调
     */
    @Override
    public void onScrolled(int arg0, int arg1)
    {
        View newView = getChildAt(0);
        if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)
        {
            if (newView != null && newView != mCurrentView)
            {
                mCurrentView = newView ;
                mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,
                        getChildPosition(mCurrentView));
            }
        }
    }
}

我放弃了重写onTouchEvent方法,而是让这个类实现RecyclerView.OnScrollListener接口,然后设置监听,在onScrolled里面进行判断。

至于优化:我使用了一个成员变化存储当前第一个View,只有第一个View发生变化时才回调~~太完美了~

看MainActivity:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.GalleryAdapter.OnItemClickLitener;
import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.MyRecyclerView.OnItemScrollChangeListener;
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
    private MyRecyclerView mRecyclerView;
    private GalleryAdapter mAdapter;
    private List<Integer> mDatas;
    private ImageView mImg ;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_content);
        mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(R.drawable.a,
                R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e,
                R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l));
        mRecyclerView = (MyRecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.id_recyclerview_horizontal);
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
        mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);
        mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        mRecyclerView.setOnItemScrollChangeListener(new OnItemScrollChangeListener()
        {
            @Override
            public void onChange(View view, int position)
            {
                mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));
            };
        });
        mAdapter.setOnItemClickLitener(new OnItemClickLitener()
        {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(View view, int position)
            {
//              Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), position + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
//                      .show();
                mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));
            }
        });
    }
}

代码没什么变化多了个设置回调

效果图:

可以看到不仅支持手机在上面移动时的变化,如果我给了一个加速度,下面持续滚动,上面也会持续变化~~大赞~每张图片回调一次,效率也相当不错。

好了,看完这边博客,相信大家对于RecyclerView有了一定的认识,甚至对于如何改造一个控件也多了一份了解~~

如果觉得不错,就留个言或者点个赞,表示对我的支持

源码点击下载  转自 :http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/38173061